1、namedtuple

from collections import namedtuple

websites = [

('Sohu', '', u'张朝阳'),('Sina', '', u'王志东'),('163', '', u'丁磊')]

Website = namedtuple('Website', ['name', 'url', 'founder'])

mywebsite = Website('ading', '', u'林天来')print(mywebsite.name)print(mywebsite.url)print(mywebsite.founder)for website in websites:website = Website._make(website)print website

2、deque

In [1]: from collections import deque

In [2]: mydeque = deque(maxlen=10)

In [3]: mydeque.maxlen

Out[3]: 10

In [4]: mydeque.append(1)

In [5]: mydeque.append(10)

In [6]: mydeque

Out[6]: deque([1, 10])

In [7]: mydeque.appendleft('a')

In [8]: mydeque.appendleft('b')

In [9]: mydeque

Out[9]: deque(['b', 'a', 1, 10])

In [10]: mydeque.pop()

Out[10]: 10

In [11]: mydeque

Out[11]: deque(['b', 'a', 1])

In [12]: mydeque.popleft()

Out[12]: 'b'

In [13]: mydeque

Out[13]: deque(['a', 1])

deque 还有常用的方法 ：copy,reverse, insert, clear

3、OrderedDict

使用dict时，在遍历字典时是无法指定key的顺序的，但OrderedDict 是可以的

In [1]: from collections import OrderedDict

In [2]: od = OrderedDict

In [3]: od = OrderedDict()

In [4]: od['aa'] = 11

In [5]: od['bb'] = 22

In [6]: od['cc'] = 33

In [7]: od

Out[7]: OrderedDict([('aa', 11), ('bb', 22), ('cc', 33)])

4、defaultdict

默认值是在调用difaultdict 时传入一个可调用函数。In [1]: from collections import defaultdict

In [2]: df = defaultdict(lambda: 'aa')

In [3]: df['key1'] = 11

In [4]: df['key2']

Out[4]: 'aa'

In [5]: df

Out[5]: defaultdict(<function main.<lambda>()>, {'key1': 11, 'key2': 'aa'})